Resort fees catch guests by surprise

Justin M. Bowen / File photo

A view of the Las Vegas Strip.

By Liz Benston (contact)

Saturday, May 8, 2010 | 2:01 a.m.

Chicago resident Tim Murtaugh keeps close tabs on his trip expenses, so when the Excalibur tacked a $4.50 “resort fee” on top of his $39 room rate for each night of his stay, the retired librarian sent a complaint letter to the resort’s management.

“I just didn’t think it was right,” Murtaugh says.

Neither do many others who have been surprised by resort fees charged for their stays in Las Vegas. The tide of complaints about the fees is rising in online forums, travel blogs and just about everywhere else that frequent travelers swap stories and post reviews.

Murtaugh had previously stayed at Las Vegas hotels that didn’t charge resort fees, so the added charge caught him off-guard. Resorts say the fees cover amenities such as high-speed Internet, gym and pool access and newspaper delivery.

They are relatively new in Las Vegas, but the fees are part of a growing trend in the hotel industry that’s expected to spread as tourism rebounds.

A 10 percent increase in hotel add-on fees this year is the prediction of New York University’s Preston Robert Tisch Center for Hospitality, Tourism and Sports Management.

Hotels are adding and raising room surcharges to boost profit, says the study’s author Bjorn Hanson, an associate professor of hospitality and tourism management at NYU.

It’s a risky strategy, as room rates are the No. 1 or No. 2 determining factor for leisure travelers who book rooms, rivaling the hotel’s brand name and what that represents, Hanson says.

“This is a period of grand experimentation to see what fees and surcharges guests will tolerate,” Hanson says.

The fees can vary by hotel, even hotels owned by the same company in the same city. That’s especially true in Las Vegas, where resort fees vary by property, though many are owned by a handful of companies. Most Strip hotels now charge resort fees. Some started charging them a few months ago; others have had them for a few years.

What’s more, Las Vegas hotels that formerly charged taxes only on the room cost are increasingly taxing the added fees as well, which can inflate the total bill.

Many consumers have complained that the fees are sometimes buried in fine print, so hotels and travel booking sites have improved disclosure in recent years.

Hotels in Las Vegas and elsewhere have trained employees to discuss such fees with customers if they are booking rooms by phone or as they are checking in.

They also have trained employees how to handle customer complaints from angry guests who don’t notice the fees until they check out and see their final bills, Hanson says.

These hotels graciously refuse to refund such charges, saying they were adequately disclosed beforehand.

Customers such as Cindy Weldon of San Francisco say they are fighting back by boycotting hotels that charge mandatory fees not included in the advertised rate. Weldon says some resort fees in Las Vegas can double the cost of a room. Weldon said some hotels still charge the fees even if they “comp” gamblers the room.

“It’s a sneaky, mandatory charge,” she says. “We used to only have to worry about taxes. Now we have to hunt to find out what these resort fees are.”

Station Casinos, which began charging resort fees ranging from about $15 to $25 per night in 2004, calls such customers a “vocal minority” because the fees are disclosed upfront, before customers book their rooms online or over the phone. On the company’s website, the amount of the “hotel amenity fee” is included as the fifth line item in a terms and conditions section that appears after customers select a date and room type at a particular hotel.

A small number of complaints about the fees crop up in guest surveys, but the vast majority accept the fees as a fair deal, says Michael Grisar, vice president of hotel operations for Station Casinos.

Previous to bundled fees, he says, customers were paying several times those amounts for services and amenities such spa access and shuttles to and from the Strip.

“Every time we added a new item it started costing more for the guest … you might be talking about an extra $60 to $70. We offer one low clean price for a package of amenities that guests have always wanted. We didn’t want to see them nickel and dimed for various things.”

Gordon Absher, a spokesman for MGM Mirage, which began introducing bundled resort fees two years ago, says the fees have spread at MGM hotels because “our guests see it as a convenience to have a single charge added to their overall bill” rather than a series of charges for things customers might not have expected needing, such as Internet access.

Likewise, guests like the convenience of sipping in-room bottled water and would end up paying more for water had they purchased it separately, he added.

Hospitality industry consultant James Sinclair of OnSite Consulting in Los Angeles advises his clients against charging mandatory fees in favor of a la carte fees or optional, bundled charges. Hotels that insist on charging mandatory fees shouldn’t make customers pay extra for basics like housekeeping, but rather, should include more tangible offerings such as access to the spa, he says.

“It’s not worth risking the angry customer who wasn’t looking for these fees or the customer who begins looking for resorts that don’t charge them.”

Sinclair calls mandatory fees “a deceitful way of making money,” given that hotels are reluctant to include them in advertised online rates so as not to get knocked out of a search for the lowest-priced hotels.

And yet, hotels feel pressured to implement them given that some competitors are tacking them on the back end of discounted rates, Sinclair adds. Many hotels — knowing that most people won’t dispute charges even if they don’t like them — are no longer removing charges for disgruntled customers now that business is picking up, he says.

Harrah’s Entertainment in Las Vegas is among a few companies resisting the resort fee trend. At a meeting this year, Harrah’s executives decided to charge for things the old fashioned way so as not to risk turning off customers.

At Harrah’s-owned properties in Las Vegas, customers can go down to the lobby to buy a bottle of water or a newspaper. They also pay for long distance calls and amenities such as the spa.

“If you want these extra things, we’re happy to sell them. But customers don’t necessarily want all these things,” says Marilyn Winn, regional president of three Harrah’s Strip resorts — Bally’s, Paris and Planet Hollywood.

The spread of resort fees is inevitable, much like the higher prices Las Vegas tourists now pay for improved amenities, says Mehmet Erdem, an assistant professor in hotel management at UNLV. People will grow accustomed to paying the fees, especially if they get a good deal on a room, he says.

“There’s a learning curve. When I first came to Las Vegas, there was no $20 buffet. Now that’s the norm. And you don’t see people getting sticker shock over it.”

Resistance to hotel fees isn’t so different from cruise ship customers who dispute mandatory tips and other previously disclosed add-ons when they receive their final bills, Erdem adds.

“On the day of debarkation, you will see this huge line of people at the front desk.”

And yet, such fees have become standard for the cruise industry, which attracts many repeat customers.

And resorts in Hawaii have long charged bundled resort fees, which have become a necessary and largely accepted cost of a Hawaii vacation, he said.

In fact, Murtaugh will be back at the Excalibur next month.

Based on his gambling activity, he’s getting three of his four nights for free, paying a resort fee for one night. Including taxes, the fee will cost him about $16.

“That was hard to turn down,” he says.

Economic crisis, lower than average consumer spending, third party booking sites, commission based sales and tourism taking a  turn for the worse are all paths that lead to the same location  – lower average room rates (ARR). The strain from the online retail model continues to put tremendous pressure on rates, forcing operators to believe that even lower rates must be offered to these online consortia. We believe, however, that using online market places are in fact detrimental when rooms are too widely offered. Obviously judging  a hotel’s performance cannot be based on ARR alone as the single metric to determine success or strategy. One must look at other key indictors such as occupancy rates and REVpar to assess whether the lodging facility is performing against industry standards. However the hotel industry has long since been under attack by the very industry that sprouted to promote it.

Events took a turn in 2004 when American Express announced the BAR (best available rate) program which sought to assure customers that the rate quoted was always the best rate available for each night of a multi-night stay. It was often complimented with additional value add benefits (internet, breakfast, airport pickups). In theory a great new model for pricing, the reality is that it now requires a new level of management, control or forecasting that can quickly deflate the REVpar if left to untrained personnel.

It is the industry’s fault. It created mass confusion in the industry. The same hotel and 40 different websites with different pricing carried a room and suddenly booking directly with the hotel directly became more expensive over third partes. Hotel Booking Agents recommending a customer visit a third party site to get better rates and MOVING reservations to outside their control became the norm. What seemed like such a clever way to increase occupancy and ADR turned into a tool for lazy hotel workers and ultimately the problem we are in now.

This lack of pricing congruency has now left the hotel wholly exposed. This is compounded by poorly trained operators and sales clerks in hotel reservation departments mishandling direct calls from customers who have found a price online at a competing hotel or online retailer and asking the hotel to match it. Bringing the customer back to the hotels sales portals, often through the BAR program, is one of the projects every operator is working on. The smaller companies are, meanwhile, waiting to see the results of the larger hotel operators and will copy the model. Just when solutions are being found to bring back that price hopping customer to hoteliers with the assurance that hotel pricing is the same whatever the channel, along come companies who search the mega agencies and portals and hotel sites seeking best prices. Yet another intermediary tacking their commission and fees into your ARR.

The effect of this price pressure has been most felt  by hotels designed to appeal to the widest audience possible – thus in theory attracting a greater audience base. Satisfying everyone but delighting no one if the model or customer base are not loyal, or if the venue does not have a unique selling point, can be a formula for mediocrity.

These generic concepts created by brands for broad appeal without reward  programs or the benefit of an existing brand’s loyal customer base have had a very harsh reality check during this economic climate. Hotels with broad appeal are losing significant market share to more defined and concept positioned properties. Conversely, the boutique hotel phenomenom is less hit by these portals because customers are demanding alternatives to the mass market offerings. This creates significant opportunity for those who have planned and executed a strong concept and are able to differentiate themselves.

Customers are demanding / expecting more and taking their business where it is both fought for and wanted. Often customers do not want to be a number in a generic hotel but rather where their travel needs are best suited. Pricing is not always the primary driver. The demand exists for special and unique product offering to suit these individual travelers’ needs that mass market cannot fulfill.

By focusing on your brand and your USP’s, a hotel is often better able to capture the market. Of course as a developer or owner, there is a risk and potential exposure in being different. Multi unit hotel chains will not want to lease your site is if doesn’t conform to their mould. However the potential increased value from attracting the boutique market is the reward for those who chose to build a hotel in this style.  If there is a case for this model, think long and hard before you build a generic site.

In this circumstance, the operator has to work backwards. Assuming the  NEED / DEMAND for this sort of hotel has been determined and assuming your ability to deliver on the customers’ expectations then the steps to being unique are fairly simple. Of course strong analysis and financial modelling, marketing and sales are still required. Again, this is not the location, demand, product & coverage phase,  as we have assumed that this has already been determined through demand existing.

The process from differentiating your brand and creating loyalty from others is through allowing no-one to compromise on the level of service, facility and customer quality. This is concept positioning and the key to why two seemingly like hotels having significantly different ARRs.

Positioning the brand is positioning the entire facility and its outward and inward appearance to serve the customer. What is it that you are attempting to create and does it match what the customers need? This is just as much about the linens as it is about your restaurant or food offerings. You cannot compete with the large brands on marketing or advertising budget but what you do have the advantage on is press and that is where the attention should be focused.

Yes, we recognize the benefits of ‘outsourcing’ discounts to a third party. Getting rooms rented out is critical to the hotel industry and at times it is worth taking a hit on the ARR in order to have customers on site spending in the restaurant or golf club or room service. We recognize equally that with fixed costs and staff on site, sometimes it is worth selling a room at little or sometimes no profit to increase footfall. We also know hotels often do not want to be seen to be offering discounts directly to protect their brand name.

That being said, a whole sub-industry has grown which no longer serves the very hotel venues who subsidized their set up costs and acted as their first customers. If you are building or repositioning your hotel, slashing the rates is not the answer to increasing revenues. Your competitor and neighbor may be doing this but you do not necessarily need to follow suit. If your hotel lends itself to being slightly unique, if your location adds specific value to business or leisure travelers, if you have an ethic and tradition reflected in your fit out, let the customer know. Look at your customer service standards and whether you enjoy repeat customers. Look at the additional revenue streams your hotel could be benefitting from. Look at how you can reach customers directly and ask yourselves, should I be spending the same on targeted and intelligent marketing as I am losing on offering constantly reducing room rates?

Of course someone can fill your hotel tomorrow – rooms just need to cost $5. OnSite works with many hotel clients and our first job is to look at financial information. All too often, hotel directors have given us incorrect room costs, omitting to factor in deals with third parties. Costs often don’t include the fees incurred in renting out a room from a website or agency the data analysis is therefore inaccurate. Take back control of your pricing by knowing what your pricing is. Consider Opera or other software as a tool not a solution and instead, read the data and make decisions based on the correct information.

The lesson is that just because ‘everybody is doing it’, it doesn’t mean that the obvious solutions to cash flow or reduced customer flows is obvious. Gather the right financial information, take ownership of how you attract customers and how much you will pay to attract them. We know the importance of these lessons in stabilizing or growing a business and work with our clients to ensure they recognize this too.

OnSite Consulting is a nationwide hospitality and consulting company to the casino, hotel & restaurant market. Providing immediate solutions for sites seeking turnaround, insolvency and concept repositioning. www.onsiteconsulting.com